Instagram video removal angers Chechen leader Kadyrov
In a new Instagram post Mr Kadyrov said he had been punished for saying "a few words about the USA`s guard dogs".
His video showed former Russian PM Mikhail Kasyanov as a sniper`s target.
Mr Kasyanov is a high-profile critic of Russian President Vladimir Putin, in the opposition RPR-Parnas party.
The Chechen leader has recently called Mr Putin`s critics "enemies" and "traitors".
In his latest post on Instagram, Mr Kadyrov said: "Here it is, the much-acclaimed freedom of speech, American style!
"You can write anything you want, but do not touch America`s dogs, friends of the Department of State and Congress. You know very well whom I am talking about!"
Mr Kasyanov and other Russian opposition politicians described the sniper video as a murder threat.
Last March Mr Kadyrov spoke out on Instagram about the assassination of opposition leader Boris Nemtsov in Moscow, defending one of the Chechens charged over the shooting.
A day later President Putin gave Mr Kadyrov a top award.
Mr Nemtsov is among several well-known opponents of Mr Putin who have been murdered in the past decade.
Mr Kadyrov runs Chechnya with an iron fist - his private militia has been accused of widespread human rights abuses, including torture and assassination.
He has close ties to Mr Putin, who encouraged him to stamp out a separatist insurgency in Chechnya.
Thousands of civilians died in the North Caucasus republic when Russian troops fought the rebels there in the 1990s.