Updated guidelines issued on Monday will require most medics to be checked for symptoms for 21 days but will not require quarantine or isolation.
The UN Secretary General has condemned enforced quarantine measures.
The current Ebola outbreak in West Africa has infected more than 10,000 people and killed almost 5,000.
The US announcement comes after a nurse who complained about her quarantine in New Jersey was allowed to return home.
Defying the new guidelines, New Jersey Governor Chris Christie defended the mandatory isolation imposed on Kaci Hickox as she returned home from Sierra Leone. He added: "That`s what we will continue to do.
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