Several of the alleged National Action supporters were arrested in and around Warrington, where The Independent revealed the group was continuing to operate a base.
National Action became the first far-right group banned as a terrorist organisation in December, with the Government citing its “virulently racist, antisemitic and homophobic” ideology.
But experts and campaigners had warned that members were evading authorities by splitting into regional factions and operating under different names.
National Action promotes the idea that Britain will inevitably see a violent “race war” and has been linked to the murder of Jo Cox and a pipe bomb plot.
Detective Chief Superintendent Martin Snowden, head of the North East Counter Terrorism Unit, said: “Today's arrests are part of coordinated action by the national counter-terrorism network and UK policing.
"Those who promote extreme right wing views are looking to divide our communities and spread hatred. This will not be tolerated and those who do so must be brought to justice.”
The Senior National Coordinator for Counter Terrorism Policing, Deputy Assistant Commissioner Neil Basu of the Metropolitan Police, said: “Counter-terror policing is committed to tackling all forms of extremism that threatens public safety and security.
"Investigations relating to alleged extreme right wing activity are pursued with the same level or resource and vigour as other ideologies, in order to bring suspected offenders before the courts.
"Today's arrests, while resulting from two separate investigations, have been coordinated by our officers across a number of forces. This maximises operational effectiveness for police and minimises disruption for the local communities."
It comes after three alleged members of National Action, including serving British soldiers, appeared in court charged with terror offences.
Lance Corporal Mikko Vehvilainen, Private Mark Barrett and Alexander Deakin, a civilian, stand accused of being members of the banned group and other offences.
Following their arrests, it emerged that several people who openly expressed support for National Action and neo-Nazi ideology online were able to join the Army.
The case prompted calls for the Government to launch an inquiry into possible extremism within the military but the Ministry of Defence said it had no plans.
Campaigners have warned of a growing threat from the ultranationalists in Britain, with just under a third of all people being monitored under the Channel counter-extremism programme currently from the far-right.
Sabby Dhalu, joint secretary of Unite Against Fascism, said Wednesday's arrests said “much greater prominence must be given to the fight against far-right terrorism”.
“There are clear double standards in the way we treat terrorism in this country: Media headlines and government announcements focus almost exclusively on terrorist activity by those claiming to be Muslims, while around a third of all suspected terrorist activity is coming from the far-right,“ she added.
"The murder of Jo Cox and the outrage in Finsbury Park show that this is not a minor threat. Rather than demonising Muslims and contributing to Islamophobia, we call on politicians and the media to take the growing threat of far-right violence and terrorism as seriously as it does Isis-type terrorism.”
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