During the course of the three-day trip, Erdogan will have two meetings and a joint press conference with German Chancellor Angela Merkel. He is also set to receive military honors at Berlin's Bellevue Palace, where he will be German President Frank-Walter Steinmeier's guest of honor at a state banquet on Friday evening.
Erdogan is being accompanied by four senior cabinet ministers as well as secret service chief Hakan Fidan.
Several opposition politicians have announced they will be boycotting the state banquet.
On Saturday, Erdogan is due to open a new mosque in Cologne built by the Turkish-Islamic organization DITIB.