Efforts to ban rap were "impossible" and so the state should play a greater role in controlling it, he said.
The Ministry of Culture would find the best way to "navigate" youth concerts, he added.
His comments come after Russian rapper Husky was arrested after several of his concerts were cancelled.
In December, authorities in the southern city of Krasnodar called off his planned performance for "extremism".
The musician - real name Dmitry Kuznetsov - was then jailed for 12 days after performing for fans on the roof of a car.
The president expressed particular concern about drug abuse among young people.
"Rap and other modern [forms of art] are rested upon three pillars - sex, drugs and protest," he said. "I am most worried about drugs. This is the way towards the degradation of a nation."
Mr Putin also said he was worried about bad language in rap, saying he had spoken to a linguist about it.
While she had explained to him that swearing is "a part of our language", Mr Putin compared it to the human body, joking that "we have all sorts of body parts, and it's not like we put them on display all the time".
Under the Soviet Union meanwhile, most Western pop and rock music was frowned on and some Russian rock musicians faced persecution.
Classical musicians also clashed with the state. Composer Dmitri Shostakovich was denounced twice under the leadership of Joseph Stalin.
BBC
More about: music
