The Pence-Kilic (Claw-Sword) Air Operation was conducted in northern Iraq and Syria which are used as bases for attacks against Türkiye by terrorists, the ministry said in a statement.
It said the operation was carried out in line with the right of self-defense arising from Article 51 of the UN Charter.
"Terror nests are being destroyed with direct hits," it said in an earlier tweet as it shared the first images of the operation.
It announced the operation on Twitter with a photograph of a Turkish warplane taking off and said: "Time for reckoning! The scoundrels are being held accountable for the treacherous attacks!"
The operation follows last Sunday's terror attack on Istanbul's crowded Istiklal Avenue that killed at least six and left 81 injured.
The Turkish government said the attack was carried out by the PKK/YPG terror organization.
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