The winners for medicine are selected by the Nobel Assembly of Sweden's Karolinska Institute Medical University and receive a prize sum of 11 million Swedish crowns ($1.1 million).
As every year, the medicine prize is the first in the crop of Nobels, arguably the most prestigious prizes in science, literature, and humanitarian endeavor, with the remaining five set to be unveiled over the coming days.
Created in the will of Swedish dynamite inventor and businessman Alfred Nobel, the prizes have been awarded for breakthroughs in science, literature and peace since 1901, while economics is a later addition.
Different institutions award the prizes in various fields, with Peace being the only one awarded in Oslo rather than Stockholm, possibly as a result of the political union that existed between the two Nordic countries when Nobel penned his will.
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