About 200 protesters chanted Mr Kurti`s name as they threw missiles at the ranks of police officers.
Police fired tear gas and advanced in an attempt to push the protesters back.
Kosovo police officers in riot gear stand in a cloud of tear gas in Kosovo capital Pristina as clashes broke out after the arrest of a prominent opposition politician
A protester kicks off a tear gas canister during clashes with Kosovo police in front of the central police station in Kosovo capital Pristina after the arrest of a prominent opposition politician Albin Kurti on Monday, Oct. 12, 2015.
Mr Kurti was questioned by police and released later on Monday.
"We will not give up. Let`s stay united," he was quoted as saying to his supporters by the AFP news agency.
His stunt in parliament was part of a protest by opposition MPs against the deal with Serbia.
The EU-brokered agreement grants more powers to the mainly Serb areas of Kosovo. Opposition MPs say it will deepen the ethnic divide and increase Serbia`s power in the country.
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As well as releasing tear gas, opponents of the deal have blown whistles and thrown eggs to disrupt recent parliamentary sessions.
Kosovo`s ethnic Albanians broke away from Serbia in an armed revolt in 1999, and then unilaterally declared independence in 2008.
Belgrade rejected the move and still considers the breakaway territory as its southern province.
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