The regulation is wide-ranging and threatens one of the core parts of bitcoin. Cryptocurrencies have become popular largely because they allow for entirely anonymous transactions, meaning that people can use them to buy and sell illicit things like drugs or computer viruses without being traced.
But it is not as dramatic as it might have been. Initially, senior government ministers had suggested they might ban trading in bitcoin entirely.
Any regulation is significant in South Korea, however, where bitcoin trading is so popular that citizens have to pay an extra markup to buy them since there is such interest. The country has helped propel the price of bitcoin to its current heights – and the recent suggestions of a ban helped drive it to one of its most dramatic crashes in recent months.
The new round of regulation has brought another crash, with the price of bitcoin dropping about 10 percent over the last day.
Further rules might still be yet to come. At the G20 meeting in March, finance ministers are expected to impose new rules, some of which could apply across the world.
South Korea plans to require local banks to launch a real-name system for cryptocurrency trading that will make the up-to-now anonymous transactions be traceable as the country seeks to curb speculation and criminal activities.
Financial Services Commission Vice Chair Kim Yong-beom said at a press briefing Tuesday that the new measures, to take effect next week, will prevent foreigners residing outside South Korea who do not have local bank accounts and minors younger than 19 from buying or selling bitcoins and other digital currencies. Once the new system is in place, existing accounts used for crypto trading up to now can no longer be used, he said.
The moves follow warnings by South Korean authorities that they would ban anonymous trading in cryptocurrencies and crack down on speculative trading and possible crimes. Authorities are seeking to prevent the use of cryptocurrency trading to engage in money laundering, tax evasion and other criminal activities.
The new requirements are meant to ensure that a cryptocurrency investor's money comes from a bank account owned by the same individual. Banks will be able to refuse to open accounts with cryptocurrency exchanges that do not disclose information about suspicious trading. They were told to closely monitor crypto trading that exceeds 10 million won ($9,338) a day or 20 million won ($18,676) per week and also accounts owned by corporations or groups and report any suspicious activity to the authorities.
"We expect that cryptocurrency exchanges that are in danger of being exploited for money laundering will be thrown out of the market," Kim told reporters.
He said the government does not intend to encourage or stimulate crypto trading.
South Korea is home to some of the world's largest cryptocurrency exchanges and a craze for bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies has swept the country.
The price of bitcoin fell was down 4 percent at $10,342.96 as of 0740 GMT Tuesday. It gyrated wildly earlier this month, soaring and then sinking on concerns over now South Korea and other governments might handle the boom in cryptocurrency trading.
The original article was published in the Independent.
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