Europe's average autumn temperatures this year have been the highest since records began, according to the European Commission.
The period from September to November was 1.9℃ hotter than the standard 30-year reference period from 1981 to 2010, and 0.4 ℃ higher than the previous warmest autumn in 2006, according to data released by the EU's Copernicus Climate Change Service.
It said temperatures were far higher over the Alps and northern Europe.
Sweden and Finland broke national records while Norway had its joint warmest November since records began in 1900.
Globally, November was the hottest on record, it added.
It comes as the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) warned that the past decade will be the hottest in human history.
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